预期应用
ELISA法定量测定大鼠血清、血浆、细胞培养物上清或其它相关液体中S-100含量。
介绍
S-100蛋白是一种酸性钙结合蛋白，分子量21 000，主要存在于中枢神经系统各部的星状神经胶质细胞的胞液中，因其在饱和硫酸铵中能够100%溶解而得名。S-100蛋白由α和β两种亚基组成三种不同的形式：S-100 ββ(S-100 b)主要存在于神经胶质细胞和雪旺细胞，S-100 αα(S-100 a0)主要存在于神经胶质细胞，S-100 αβ(S-100 a)主要存在于横纹肌、心脏和肾脏。一般认为，当中枢神经系统细胞损伤时S-100蛋白从胞液中渗出进入脑脊液(CSF)，再经受损的血脑屏障进入血液。因此，CSF和血液中S-100蛋白增高是中枢神经系统损伤特异和灵敏的生化标志。
实验原理
本试剂盒应用双抗体夹心酶标免疫分析法测定标本中S-100水平。用纯化的抗体包被微孔板，制成固相抗体，往包被单抗的微孔中依次加入S-100抗原、生物素化的抗大鼠S-100抗体、HRP标记的亲和素，经过彻底洗涤后用底物TMB显色。TMB在过氧化物酶的催化下转化成蓝色，并在酸的作用下转化成最终的黄色。颜色的深浅和样品中的S-100呈正相关。用酶标仪在450nm波长下测定吸光度（OD值），计算样品浓度。
Intended use
This immunoassay kit allows for the specific measurement of rat S-100 concentrations in cell culture supernates, serum, and plasma.
Introduction
S-100 is a member of highly homologous Ca2+ binding proteins family that possess two EF-hand motifs. The family of S100 proteins consists of 19 members. Most S100 proteins exist as dimers (frequently homodimers) within cells. Exclusively expressed in vertebrates, S100 is implicated in various intracellular and extracellular regulatory activities. Studies indicate that S100 proteins are involved in the inhibition of protein phosphorylation, inhibition of cytosceletal constituent assembly, regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, stimulation of enzyme activities, and interaction with transcription factors. S100B is abundant in the nervous system where it is predominantly expressed in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. When secreted by astrocytes, S100B has neurotrophic effects during development and nerve regeneration at physiologic (nanomolar) concentrations. However high (micromolar) concentrations of S100B have shown to be neurotoxic, participating in the physiology of neurodegenerative disorders. The clinical values have been demonstrated in stroke, cerebral complications association with cardiac arrest and in patients with severe as well as minor head injury.
Test principle
This assay employs the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. A monoclonal
antibody specific for S-100 has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any S-100 present is bound by the immobilized antibody. An enzyme-linked polyclonal antibody specific for S-100 is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound antibody-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of S-100 bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured. | 
