预期应用
ELISA法定量测定植物组织，细胞或其它相关样本中脱落酸(abscisic acid，ABA)含量。
实验原理
本试剂盒应用双抗体夹心酶标免疫分析法测定标本中ABA水平。用纯化的抗体包被微孔板，制成固相抗体，往包被单抗的微孔中依次加入ABA、生物素化的抗植物ABA抗体、HRP标记的亲和素，经过彻底洗涤后用底物TMB显色。TMB在过氧化物酶的催化下转化成蓝色，并在酸的作用下转化成最终的黄色。颜色的深浅和样品中的ABA呈正相关。用酶标仪在450nm波长下测定吸光度（OD值），计算样品浓度。
Intended use
This immunoassay kit allows for the specific measurement of abscisic acid,ABA concentrations in Plant tissue or cell culture supernates.
Introduction
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is the major player in mediating the adaptation of the plant to stress. Abscisic Acid (ABA), also known as abscisin II and dormin, is a plant hormone. It functions in many plant developmental processes, including abscission and bud dormancy. ABA-mediated signalling plays also an important part in plant responses to environmental stress and plant pathogens.The plant genes for ABA biosynthesis and sequence of the pathway have been elucidated.ABA is also produced by some plant pathogenic fungi via a biosynthetic route different from ABA biosynthesis in plants.
Abscisic acid owes its names to its role in the abscission of plant leaves. In preparation for winter, ABA is produced in terminal buds. This slows plant growth and directs leaf primordia to develop scales to protect the dormant buds during the cold season. ABA also inhibits the division of cells in the vascular cambium, adjusting to cold conditions in the winter by suspending primary and secondary growth.
Abscisic acid is also produced in the roots in response to decreased soil water potential and other situations in which the plant maybe under stress. ABA then translocates to the leaves, where it rapidly alters the osmotic potential of stomatal guard cells, causing them to shrink and stomata to close. The ABA-indiced stomatal closure reduces transpiration thus preventing further water loss from the leaves in times of low water availability.
Several ABA mutant Arabidopsis thaliana plants have been identified – both those deficient in ABA production and those insensitive to its action. ABA-deficient plants show defects in seed dormancy, germination, stomatal regulation and some mutants show stunted growth and brown/yellow leaves.These mutants reflect the importance of ABA in seed germination and early embryo development.
ABA binds to G-protein-coupled receptors at the surface of the plasma membrane of the guard cells. The receptors activate several interconnecting pathways which converge to produce
a rise in pH in the cytosol transfer of Ca2+ from the vacuole to the cytosol The increased Ca2+ in the cytosol blocks the uptake of K+ into the guard cell while the increased pH stimulates the loss of Cl− and organic ions from the cell.
Test principle
This assay employs the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. A monoclonal
antibody specific for ABA has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any ABA present is bound by the immobilized antibody. An enzyme-linked polyclonal antibody specific for ABA is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound antibody-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of ABA bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.
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